A certain category of small-world networks were identified as a class of random graphs by Duncan Watts and Steven Strogatz in 1998. [4] They noted that graphs could be classified according to two independent structural features, namely the clustering coefficient, and average node-to-node distance (also known as average shortest path length). Purely random graphs, built according to the Erdős–Rényi (ER) model, exhibit a small average shortest path length (varying typically as the logarithm of the number of nodes) along with a small clustering coefficient. Watts and Strogatz measured that in fact many real-world networks have a small average shortest path length, but also a clustering coefficient significantly higher than expected by random chance. Watts and Strogatz then proposed a novel graph model, currently named the Watts and Strogatz model, with (i) a small average shortest path length, and (ii) a large clustering coefficient. The crossover in the Watts–Strogatz model between a "large world" (such as a lattice) and a small world was first described by Barthelemy and Amaral in 1999. [5] This work was followed by many studies, including exact results (Barrat and Weigt, 1999; Dorogovtsev and Mendes; Barmpoutis and Murray, 2010). Use this handy ​Responsive Planning Template for ELC staff to evaluate children’s responses to your small world play provision and think about the next steps to extend learning during play. Potential for sub-grade (underground or underwater) location of the reactor unit providing more protection from natural ( e.g.seismic or tsunami according to the location) or man-made ( e.g.aircraft impact) hazards.

Developing new political concepts or new varieties of democracy that is more applicable in today’s world You should also ensure you have a variety of small world play resources that align with your class’s unique interests - one child may love using superhero characters for small world play. Still, another may likely be unbothered by this theme. Numeracy: Small world play provides plenty of opportunities for children to group, sort and count small world resources. Why not prompt children with questions like, “how many different animals are there?” and “how many cars are on the road?”. Both anatomical connections in the brain [30] and the synchronization networks of cortical neurons [31] exhibit small-world topology.

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This is the universal standard for smallholder farms, but of course, two hectares is a somewhat arbitrary cut-off. Barthelemy M, Amaral LA (1999). "Small-world networks: Evidence for a crossover picture". Physical Review Letters. 82 (15): 3180–3183. arXiv: cond-mat/9903108. Bibcode: 1999PhRvL..82.3180B. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.3180. S2CID 119398712.

Albert R, Barabási AL (2002). "Statistical mechanics of complex networks". Rev. Mod. Phys. 74 (1): 47–97. arXiv: cond-mat/0106096. Bibcode: 2002RvMP...74...47A. doi: 10.1103/RevModPhys.74.47. S2CID 60545. Soon after the publication of Watts–Strogatz mechanism, approaches have been developed by Mashaghi and co-workers to generate network models that exhibit high degree correlations, while preserving the desired degree distribution and small-world properties. These approaches are based on edge-dual transformation and can be used to generate analytically solvable small-world network models for research into these systems. [19] In October 2018 the DOE announced that it was proposing to convert metallic high-assay low-enriched uranium (HALEU), with enrichment levels between 5% and 20% U-235, into fuel for research and development purposes. This would be at Idaho National Laboratory's Materials and Fuels Complex and/or the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center, to support the development of new reactor technologies with higher efficiencies and longer core lifetimes. Solla S (2004). "Self-Sustained Activity in a Small-World Network of Excitable Neurons". Physical Review Letters. UC Santa Barbara, Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics. 92 (19): 198101. arXiv: nlin/0309067. Bibcode: 2004PhRvL..92s8101R. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.198101. PMID 15169447. S2CID 14272272. Archived from the original on 2016-09-14 . Retrieved 2006-03-06.In 2000, the Department of Energy funded a project at Oregon State University, among others, to study a multi-application small light water reactor. In 2007, the university granted Nuscale exclusive rights to the design of SMR, as well as the continued use of their test facility. In 2011, Fluor Corporation, a multinational engineering firm, invested in the company. In 2018, the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission approved the first phase of review for the design. Nuscale now has more than 529 patents granted or pending and close to 400 employees. A good small world play area should also be clearly signposted and placed nearby other areas that can encourage continuous play. For example, a small world play area set up near your construction area will allow children to build their own miniature characters and objects to play with, maximising creativity and self-led play. Small-world networks have been used to estimate the usability of information stored in large databases. The measure is termed the Small World Data Transformation Measure. [27] [28] The greater the database links align to a small-world network the more likely a user is going to be able to extract information in the future. This usability typically comes at the cost of the amount of information that can be stored in the same repository. Another way to construct a small world network from scratch is given in Barmpoutis et al., [20] where a network with very small average distance and very large average clustering is constructed. A fast algorithm of constant complexity is given, along with measurements of the robustness of the resulting graphs. Depending on the application of each network, one can start with one such "ultra small-world" network, and then rewire some edges, or use several small such networks as subgraphs to a larger graph.